安徽省皖南山区植物的花粉形态和生态因子

应用光学显微镜和扫描电镜研究安徽省皖南山区广德柏垫和东至利安5月份开花的37科66种植物的花粉形态.对这些植物的生态因子,包括海拔高度、年降水量、年积温和生境进行归纳.进而根据同一区域内相同或相似生态环境条件下分布的植物花粉类型,寻取一定花粉类型综合特征与气候和环境之间可能的联系,为地层孢粉研究提供现代孢粉学依据.     

福建宁化晚石炭世有孔虫Pseudoendothyra动物群的发现及其意义

报道了福建宁化晚石炭世黄龙组下部白云岩中的Pseudoendothyra动物群,共描述鲢类化石1属21种,包括4个未定种。该动物群壳体微小,一般为扁圆形及凸镜形,轴率小于1,旋壁四层式,化石保存尚好,且具排它性分布。该动物群的发现丰富了筵类古生态学及其生物地层学研究领域的新资料。     

辽西油松林水土保持效益评价

利用101块样地的调查资料,采用综合因子评价方法评价了辽西油松水土保持林的生态效益,把辽西油松水土保持林划分为低效、较低效、中效、较高效、高效五个等级：其中牛河梁地区的油松人工林大都为低效林,欺天林场的油松人工林大都为中效林,南刘杖子林场的天然次生林大都为高效林。这一研究结果将为辽西油松水土保持林生态系统管理提供重要的科学依据。     

浙江省中华水韭分布现状与濒危原因

中华水韭(Isoetes sinensis Palmer)为水韭科水韭属多年生沼泽植物,现分布范围急剧缩小,种群数量稀少,处于濒危状态。通过查阅文献、标本,咨询专家学者,深入实地考察,访问产地农民,基本弄清了中华水韭在浙江省的分布情况及现有种群状况,结果如下：据记载,中华水韭在浙江省分布在杭州、诸暨、松阳、庆元、丽水、建德和天台等市、县。但仅查阅到杭州(1号)、诸暨(2号)和松阳(1号)3地共4号标本。实地考察仅发现在松阳有2个野生亚种群;杭州、诸暨和丽水野生种群可能已灭绝;杭州植物园、武汉植物园目前迁地保存有杭州种群;天台是否有中华水韭分布尚存疑问。松阳2个野生亚种群总面积约1000m2,分布在4块废弃的水田中,海拔约1110m,居群集中分布的面积不到300m2。中华水韭生存生境的人为直接破坏及水体污染,是其种群消失的主要原因。中华水韭残存种群在与禾草和灯芯草(Yuncus effuses)等主要优势种的竞争中处于劣势,在群落演替过程中,可能会被这些物种所取代,进而整个群落有可能被其他植被所取代,故现有的2个亚种群正处于濒危状态,亟待加强保护研究。     

江西珍稀濒危植物优先保护定量研究

以江西省50种珍稀濒危植物为定量研究对象,采用以濒危系数、遗传价值系数、物种价值系数和生物学特征系数4个指标构成的珍稀濒危植物等级综合评价值的方法对上述植物优先保护顺序进行了定量研究。对50种珍稀植物进行排序的结果基本符合《中国珍稀濒危植物》和《中国植物红皮书》第1册的分析,但也有不同：属一级保护的有长柄双花木、天目木姜子和长序榆等共10种,占研究物种总数的20．00％,其中有浙江楠和华东黄杉等2渐危种;二级保护的有胡豆莲、连香树、伯乐树、银钟花等共26种,占52．00％,其中胡豆莲属于濒危种;三级的有小花木兰、观光木等12种,占24．00％,其中有4种属稀有种,8种属渐危种;此外,八角莲、野大豆等在江西可以暂不列入保护,这两者均属渐危种,占4．00％。     

湖南宏门冲溪鱼类多样性研究初报

2002年9～10月,我院生物系对湖南省通道县国家阔叶林采种基地宏门冲溪鱼类多样性进行了初步研究,共采集到标本鱼10种,分属于2目5科9属。通过对其多样性分析,结果表明：宏门冲鱼类多样性复杂,群落结构稳定。     

Early Silurian (Telychian) rugose coral fauna of Daguan area, northeast Yunnan province, China

Study on rugose coral fauna of the Sifengya Formation (early Telychian) and Daluzhai Formation (mid-late Telychian) in Daguan area, northeast Yunnan Province, China was carried out. Rugose coral fauna of the Sifengya Formation included 18 genera and 34 species, while Daluzhai Formation with nine genera, ten species. We described rugose coral fauna (12 genera, 19 species) including one new genus and five new species, i.e. Protoketophyllum daguanense gen. et sp. nov., Crassilasma huanggexiense sp. nov., Pseudophaulactis heae sp. nov., P. convolutus sp. nov., and Shensiphyllum minor sp. nov. The characteristics and geological significance of rugose coral fauna of Sifengya Formation and Daluzhai Formation were analyzed. Particularly, rugose coral fauna of the Sifengya Formation represent early Telychian rugosan fauna in the Upper Yangtze region and improve the sequences of early Silurian (Llandovery) rugose coral assemblages in Yangtze region. It is therefore very meaningful to further analyze radiation period of rugose coral fauna in such epoch. __________ Translated from Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 2005, 44(2): 229–246 [译自: 古生物学报, 2005, 44(2): 229–246]     

河南固始下石炭统杨山组华夏木一新种

描述河南固始杨山煤矿下石炭统杨山组的一个华夏木新种Cathaysiodendronyangshanensesp.nov.,这是近年来继在甘肃靖远早石炭世臭牛沟组中发现华夏木之后该属在早石炭世地层中的又一发现。华夏木属是华夏植物群的特有分子,它在早石炭世的发现对探讨华夏植物群的起源有重要意义。     

中国瘦寄蝇属一新种和一新纪录种(双翅目,寄蝇科)

瘦寄蝇属Leptothelaira Mesnil et Shima隶于长足寄蝇亚科Dexinae瘦寄蝇族Leptothelairini;其体细长,后足基节上部具1宽而闭合的骨化桥,翅R4 5脉基部背面具1根小鬃;已知分布于俄罗斯远东南部、日本、越南、尼泊尔和我国台湾.本文记述了采自我国广西龙胜华坪的瘦寄蝇属1新纪录种:东方瘦寄蝇L.orientalis Mesnil et Shima,1979和产自陕西太白山和山西沁源与方山的1新种:长茎瘦寄蝇L.longipennis sp.nov,新种与分布东洋区的南方瘦寄蝇L.meridionalis Mesnil et Shima近似,但单眼鬃弱于内顶鬃,腹部第4背板后1/4～1/5和第5背板完全黑,第5腹板基部圆,中央裂深且基部宽,侧尾叶端部较窄而尖等.新种模式标本保存在沈阳师范大学昆虫研究所.     

Revision of Hyolitha from the Ordovician of Estonia

Topotype specimens of the Middle OrdovicianHyolithes acutus Eichwald, 1840, which is the type of the genus that lent its name to a family, order, class, and even phylum according to some, andH. latus Eichwald, 1860 allow that genus and those species to be firmly established on a sound, morphologic basis. In addition, preservation of the types ofHyolithes striatus Eichwald, 1860 is sufficiently good to warrant reassignment toDorsolinevitus Syssoiev, 1958. In contrast, the type ofH. insularis Eichwald, 1860 is incompletely preserved, and this species is not recognizable beyond the type material. The concept of the family Hyolithidae is revised to more closely conform to the morphology ofHyolithes, with authorship herein ascribed toSyssoiev (1958) rather than toNicholson (1872). The stratigraphic distribution of these taxa suggests thatHyolithes as defined herein first appears in the Middle Ordovician, but extends into at least the Lower Devonian, as suggested by two species from the Barrandian region of the Czech Republic. Their geographic distribution further re-enforces the notion of two distinct paleobiogeographic provinces based on hyoliths, a Mediterranean province and Baltic province, with almost no mixing of hyolith faunas during the Ordovician.